Why does my power station shut off when the pump or fridge starts?

Power basics Updated 2026-08-15

Because a motor does not draw its running watts at the instant it starts. For a fraction of a second the rotor is not turning yet, the motor looks close to a short circuit, and it pulls locked-rotor current — several times its running current. Your machine is comparing that spike against its surge ceiling, not against its continuous rating, and it trips before the appliance ever reaches its running load.

That is why a pump rated well under a station’s continuous output still refuses to start on it, and why the fix is a bigger surge ceiling or a lower inrush — never a bigger battery.

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Three loads, three completely different starts

Published start-up figures

Each of these comes off a manufacturer document for a specific model, with the ratio the document itself supports. The spread is the point: "motors need two to three times their running watts" is a rule of thumb that is wrong about every row below.

Sump pump — running 720 W Official spec · verified 2026-08-08 · medium confidence

Real power, off the maker’s own table: Little Giant’s 6-CIA order information prints a Full Load Watts column, and 720 W is what stands in it — not a figure converted from current.

We read 3 documents for the other pumps this record cites on 2026-08-08 and found no published watt figure in them. Their spread is carried as apparent power instead, 598 to 1,116 VA, because current is what their makers do print — which is why this row is a single figure and not a band.

See the load record →
Sump pump — at start-up 2,645 W Official spec · verified 2026-08-01 · high confidence

From the locked-rotor amps printed on the same row of the same sheet.

Sump pump — start-up ratio 2.9 × Official spec · verified 2026-08-01 · high confidence

Locked-rotor amps divided by full-load amps, both from the maker.

RV rooftop air conditioner — at start-up 8,400 W Official spec · verified 2026-08-01 · high confidence

A rotary compressor, and the reason an RV air conditioner is the hardest common load to start.

See the load record →
RV rooftop air conditioner — how long the spike lasts 200 ms Official spec · verified 2026-08-01 · medium confidence

Quoted by the compressor manufacturer, not estimated.

12V portable fridge — start-up ratio 1 × Derived from official coefficients · verified 2026-08-01 · medium confidence

Also a compressor — but a variable-speed one with its own electronic drive, which ramps instead of slamming. Same appliance category, no inrush at all.

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Desktop PC — at start-up 4,600 W Official spec · verified 2026-08-01 · medium confidence

Not a motor: this is the input capacitors of a switching supply charging, over tens of milliseconds. It is a much larger multiple than any pump and matters far less.

See the load record →

Official spec + Derived from official coefficientsverified 2026-08-01appliance records

Duration is why the last row is harmless and the first two are not. A capacitive inrush is over in a few line cycles; a motor start lasts hundreds of milliseconds, which is inside the window any surge rating is meant to cover. Our engine bands them by their published duration and enforces them differently, rather than treating every spike as equal.

The rule of thumb that oversizes by three times

The standard tables used to size breakers and motor controllers publish locked-rotor envelopes for each horsepower class. Those envelopes are deliberately generous — they exist so a protective device never nuisance-trips. Read as an appliance figure they are badly wrong in the expensive direction: for the pump above, the code envelope is more than twice what the pump maker measured on its own product. Where we have only an envelope value we label it as one and cap the confidence, because sizing a backup supply off it means buying two or three times the machine you need.

What that does to a verdict

One sump pump, three machines

Live engine runs. The percentage is the running load as a share of that machine’s continuous output — which is exactly why it explains nothing about the third row.

EcoFlow RIVER 3 Plus × sump pump 720 W running · 2,645 W at start-up Too big120%
limited by continuous output

Fails before surge is even reached: the running load alone is above the inverter rating.

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BLUETTI Elite 100 V2 × sump pump 720 W running · 2,645 W at start-up Runs it40%

Half the continuous rating, and the published surge ceiling clears the start.

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BLUETTI Elite 200 V2 × sump pump 720 W running · 2,645 W at start-up Too big102% of assumed surge ceiling
limited by surge ceiling

A bigger machine that says no. We have found no published surge rating for this record at all, so the engine substitutes the continuous output as a conservative floor — an inverter cannot surge below what it sustains — and the pump’s start is above it. We will not assume a ceiling nobody stated.

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The third row is not a bug and it is the most useful row on this page. The floor the engine used is 2600 W, taken from the continuous output because we have found no published surge figure for it. A site that quietly assumed "probably twice the rating" would have shown a green light there. We would rather tell you that the manufacturer has not answered the question.

A motor start no one has published

The three loads above are either a real motor or something that only looks like one at the meter. A hair dryer is a third shape: a heating element wired beside an actual motor — Conair’s own feature list for its 530-series dryer names a "Powerful motor" right next to the heat settings — so a start-up current certainly exists. Four manufacturer documents across two brands state a wattage, a supply voltage and a circuit-breaker warning for it, and we have found no published inrush, locked-rotor current or other start-up figure in any of them.

What the hair dryer’s own record holds on start-up

The same shape of absence as the Elite 200 row above, read off the appliance side of a pairing instead of the station side.

Hair dryer — running 1,875 W Official spec · verified 2026-08-09 · high confidence

The US nameplate rating — and, not by chance, sitting above the 1,800 W this library records as the ceiling of the branch circuit it plugs into.

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Hair dryer — start-up multiplier Not found in the sources we checked no figure to date

We read 4 documents for hair dryers on 2026-08-09 and found no published start-up figure in them.

Official specverified 2026-08-09hair dryer record

Our engine’s response to that gap depends on what kind of load this is, not on whether the gap exists. A purely resistive load with no published surge figure gets no separate check at all — the policy this library uses for a coffee maker or an air fryer, because there is no separate event left to be cautious about. This record is classed mixed rather than resistive, purely because of the motor Conair itself advertises, and our engine gives an unmeasured mixed load the same caution it gives an unmeasured motor: capped at "marginal," never "green," on every machine in the library — however much continuous output that machine has to spare.

Two machines, the same appliance, two different reasons it will not pass

Live engine runs. The second row is the one worth reading twice.

BLUETTI Elite 100 V2 × hair dryer 1,875 W running Too big104%
limited by continuous output

Refused before the missing start-up figure is even reached: the running load alone is above this machine’s continuous rating.

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EcoFlow DELTA Pro 3 × hair dryer 1,875 W running Tight fit47%
capped: no start-up figure

More than double the running load in continuous output to spare, and the verdict still lands marginal — the missing start-up figure is what is capping this, not the wattage.

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Where to go next

Worked out on a real pairing

Questions people ask

What are surge watts?
The peak power an inverter can deliver for a short moment, above its continuous rating. It exists because motors and compressors demand far more current at the instant they start than they do while running. A station quotes it as a single peak figure and usually does not say for how long it can hold it.
How many watts does a refrigerator use to start?
Far more than it uses running, and the ratio is a property of the compressor, not of the box. Our appliance records carry the start-up figure separately from the running figure, with the document each came from, because the verdict is decided by the start.
Will a 350 watt power station run a sump pump?
No. A common 1/3 to 1/2 hp pit pump spans 598 to 1,116 volt-amperes while running, and this library’s watt figure for the class is 720 W. Both sit above a 350 W inverter before any start-up spike is considered, so it is short on the running load alone. Nothing about the battery size changes that.